2023 Mid-year Portfolio Update

Here’s is the latest from Canadian Value Investors!

  • Portfolio Update – Current Holds

  • The problem with the S&P

  • Astrotech special situation recap with links to filings

  • Want an oil royalty? Check out North European Royalty Trust

  • Interesting reads from around the web – Brazilian laser hair removal, Lebanese robbing their own banks, and more

We have had a few emails asking about what our portfolio looks like today, and here it is. We note that we find ourselves in a bit of an odd spot and asking ourselves existential questions like what are long-term holds anyway?

The majority of our positions are true special situations (CKI, GAN; waiting for buyouts) or a bit of both, like Taiga Building Products, which could in theory stay in the portfolio awhile. Even Suncor is something that we are very price sensitive about and could be quick to sell if the right price came along.

Some ideas – like ATVI and PHG – were meant to be short-term plays. ATVI’s accumulation of cash and strong underlying business performance since the Microsoft offer (and subsequent potential failure) has made this interesting. PHG is up 40%, but is now too early to sell while the recalls and operations stabilize? Hmm.

So, this means that our portfolio could turn over in a short period of time, or very little. This, in turn, has made allocating capital among ideas at this moment particularly difficult.

We also have one company we working on taking a position in and will disclose later due to its low trading volume.

Here’s a high-level summary of the more active special situations.

The problem with the S&P

The S&P had a fantastic start to the year, up approximately 15% YTD. However, only a few companies at (or now at) high multiples are driving the run.

https://www.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/en/news-insights/latest-news-headlines/just-7-companies-are-carrying-the-s-p-500-in-2023-75823741

Big Tech is largely fueling the S&P 500's positive performance in 2023, with investors buying just seven stocks and selling pretty much everything else.

Those seven stocks — Apple Inc., Alphabet Inc., Meta Platforms Inc. Microsoft Corp., NVIDIA Corp., Amazon.com Inc. and Tesla Inc. — have seen significant gains after a bleak 2022, and the collective gains have kept the S&P 500 in positive territory in 2023, with the overall index rising about 7% since the start of the year. Without these seven stocks, which make up nearly 26% of the large-cap index's total weight, the S&P 500 would be down 0.8% on the year, through May 16.

The S&P index is market cap weighted, causing these companies to have an outsized impact on returns, more so going forward if they keep running up. In fact, if you take an equal-weighted approach, like the Invesco S&P 500 equal-weighted ETF, your return would be closer to 5%. We do wonder if it is time for the approach to “best practice” low cost index investing to be reviewed, but this is a problem we will leave for others to solve.

Astrotech special situation recap with links to filings

Disclosure: We do not currently own this but are watching.

And here is an example of the problem with intrenched management. This might still come to something; we are not sure what BML’s play is here, and the company’s stock offering really was cancelled. We will wait on the sidelines.

Company prospectus https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1001907/000143774923017741/astc20230614_424b5.htm

BML Offer - https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1001907/000156761923006436/doc1.htm

Company rejection https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1001907/000143774923019047/astc20230629_8k.htm

Want an oil royalty? Check out North European Royalty Trust

We have been looking at purchasing oil and gas royalties on the side, but have not been able to close on a deal. We continue to find better opportunities in the market and you also benefit from liquidity. North European Royalty is a fun comparable we have been using. We wrote about this back in September of 2022 (see archives), but did not and have never purchased. We continue to look. Since then, Douglas McKenny posted about this. A bit light on oil and gas details (like reserve life), but a helpful overview.

Summary

The North European Oil Royalty Trust offers a simple business model with low risk and potential for high returns.

The Trust has grown distributions at over 20% a year in the last five years and has a free cash flow yield of 22.95%.

The Trust's business model allows it to avoid the boom and bust cycle typical of the oil and gas sector, providing investors with stability and certainty.

https://seekingalpha.com/article/4613977-north-european-oil-royalty-trust-more-certainty

Fun read: Espaco Laser - Did you know 79% of Brazilian women (and 9% of men) use some type of laser hair removal?

The Company is “the largest laser hair removal company in Latin America. They have 764 stores in Brazil and are also present in Colombia, Argentina, Chile, and Paraguay.

The company has expanded extremely quickly, growing its store count organically and via acquisition from only 49 stores in 2014. This culminated in an IPO in 2021. But this growth is not without its growing pains, which now manifest as significant risk for equity holders.

Espaço Laser stock is one of the risker companies I have covered in this newsletter. The company is in a perilous financial situation. They have a huge debt cliff in 2024 and 2025 and I believe they will not be able to repay this debt from existing cash flows. Meaning dilution and/or bankruptcy are real possibilities.

That being said, there is a real turnaround effort underway. If management can resolve the company’s debt problem, Espaco Laser’s equity investors would be left with a solid operating business that is well positioned as the clear market leader in Latam’s cosmetic hair removal market.

https://latamstocks.substack.com/p/espaco-laser-latam-stocks-investment

Desperate Lebanese Are Robbing Their Own Banks to Get Savings

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-09-16/desperate-lebanese-are-robbing-their-own-banks-to-get-savings

Wielding real or toy guns, angry Lebanese have forced their way into as many as seven banks this week to access trapped savings, as the country’s crippling financial crisis pushes people to take the law into their own hands.

Informal capital controls are in place across Lebanon -- blocking bank customers from withdrawing foreign currencies and savings in full -- as an economic implosion that began three years ago shows no sign of easing.

Unable to pay for basic necessities, account holders are taking desperate measures to get hold of their money.

The spate of incidents began two days ago when a woman brandishing a toy gun and accompanied by social activists stormed a bank in Beirut. She briefly held employees hostage while taking $13,000 from her account to pay for a sister’s cancer treatment.

That’s all for now. Thank you for subscribing!

Is Koninklijke Philips (NYSE:PHG, AS:PHIA) a wonderful Christmas gift, or a lump of coal?

Disclaimer: One of us owns this at an average cost of US$14.98. We always note that you should do your own due diligence and that this is not financial advice. Given the complex legal issues with this particular company, we reemphasize this and advise an abundance of caution. Actual performance could differ significantly from historical results and the outcome from the CPAP recall discussed below could be significantly worse than the scenarios contemplated.

Provided to subscribers January 8, 2023.

What a stock chart. Philips is a name that you are bound to know. What you might not know is that they are in the middle of a major recall of their sleep apnea CPAP machines and their stock has declined dramatically due to potential ranges of the final total costs, compounded by ongoing supply chain disruptions affecting the whole business. We think Philips is trading at a great value, even under a bearish scenario, and could be considered a bargain purchase in a few years.

Our thesis:

  • Philips just finished a decade-long refocusing of their business, transitioning from a diverse conglomerate to a focused healthcare company, only to be hit with a massive recall problem in their sleep apnea CPAP machines (part of the Connect Care business unit).

  • The CPAP recall is a real serious problem with potentially very significant legal liabilities. The stock has declined materially since the initial announcement, with the market cap declining from EUR 45 billion (~EUR 50/share) to EUR 13.4 billion (EUR ~15/share) at time of writing, with the decline being driven by relative concerns of Philips rather than the industry segment as a whole.

  • However, even in a reasonably bad scenario, Philips remains cheap. Secondly, the recall is unlikely to materially affect customer perception of other product lines, while Connect Care is material but still only 10% of Philips revenue. It also seems that the worst-case scenario for the recall is unlikely.

The New Philips

To shorten a very long story, Philips is the Dutch General Electric (funny enough, GE just spun off its healthcare business - GE HealthCare Technologies Inc NASDAQ:GEHC). Philips made MRI machines, lightbulbs, deep fryers, televisions, and even helped get Taiwan Semiconductor (covered by us in a previous article) started. However, unlike GE, they never got into disastrous highly leveraged lending backed by short-term financing. As a side note, we highly recommend the book Lights Out: Pride, Delusion, and the Fall of General Electric.

To quickly explain, here is the sales split before (1998), part way (2009) and now today.

Reading through their annual reports back to the early 2000s was a fun exercise. Much like World War Two, you know the ending, but how did they get there?

In the case of Philips, they continually “sharpened their strategic focus”, selling off divisions while building up the remaining. They sold a number of divisions by the late 2010s and were left with three “core” businesses.

However, they then decided to continue.

In 2014, Philips announced its plan to sharpen its strategic focus by establishing two standalone companies focused on the HealthTech and Lighting opportunities respectively. After establishing a standalone structure for the lighting activities within the Philips Group, Philips Lighting (renamed Signify in 2018) was listed and started trading on Euronext in Amsterdam under the symbol ‘LIGHT’ on May 27, 2016. Through a series of Accelerated bookbuild offerings (in total five) and open market sales in the course of 2017, 2018 and 2019, Philips’ shareholding was reduced to nil in September 2019.

Philips then went on to dispose of its appliance business, and (in our view)

Philips today – this isn’t your mom’s Dutch Stroopwafel

We argue that Philips’ retained healthcare assets are a relatively good business. For context, here is their performance back in the financial crisis.

Philips today.

One sidenote that is particularly interesting is that Philips was one of the original investors in TSMC (covered by us previously).

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4UG87ZLB4AY

https://semiwiki.com/semiconductor-manufacturers/tsmc/1539-a-brief-history-of-tsmc/

They did well on the sales of their interests (staggered process), but if they kept the originally owned 28% of TSMC, it would be worth about $100 billion today, dwarfing the remaining Philips healthcare business.

Along the way they were making relatively meaningful repurchases while maintaining low leverage. Share count went from 956MM in 2017 to 879.4MM in July 2022, a decline of 8%, and significantly below 2005 at ~1,300MM.

On January 29, 2019, Philips announced a EUR 1.5 billion share buyback program for capital reduction purposes. Approximately half of the program was executed through open market purchases during 2019 and the first quarter of 2020. The other half was executed through individual forward contracts. The last settlement under such contracts took place in December 2021 and the program was completed.

On July 26, 2021, Philips announced a new EUR 1.5 billion share buyback program for capital reduction purposes. Philips entered into a number of forward transactions in the third quarter, covering approximately half of the program, with settlement dates in 2022, 2023 and 2024. The remainder of the program was executed through open market purchases taking place in Q4 2021 and Q1 2022. [The forward purchase program is interesting, and is actually considered debt in their financial statements]

Philips is no longer saving the world via their airfryers (2013 annual report).

Philips’ remaining healthcare-focused divisions provide products and services to hospitals (e.g. MRI machines, healthcare providers (CPAP machines for sleep apnea that are then sold to individuals as part of care), and oral health (Philips Sonicare).  Certain product lines are oligopolies, with market share controlled by a few key players and often have high switching costs. The best example is their imaging business. Philips focuses on higher end MRI/CT scanners that require significant capital costs and staff training, making switching difficult. Philips competes with Siemens and GE. CPAP machines worldwide are dominated (80%) by Philips and ResMed (with ResMed being in the lead).

CPAP Problems

For not familiar, “sleep apnea is a potentially serious sleep disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts.” https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sleep-apnea/symptoms-causes/syc-20377631 The most popular form of treatment is CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) machine and mask worn while the person sleeps. The two most popular brands are ResMed followed by Philips.

Showtime – we recommend Goliath on Amazon Prime starring Billy Bob Thornton. His character, a brilliant but heavy drinking lawyer, suffers from sleep apnea. This is not a key plot point.

In April 2021 Philips disclosed that sound abatement foam in certain CPAP models was at risk of breaking down (i.e. disintegrating) and could potentially cause serious health problems. The stock chart below compares Philips to Siemens Healthineers, their most relevant public comparable.

Canadian Value Investors 2022 Performance Review

Here is the latest from Canadian Value Investors!

  • 2022 performance review

  • Current portfolios

  • It could have been worse – Returns from around the web

  • Line goes up – The problem with NFTs - for subscribers

    2022 performance review

    Both the CVI model portfolio and Diversified portfolios performed relatively well (literally) in 2022 as noted below, but on an absolute basis the performance was disappointing. However, if we can continue to beat the S&P 500 by 10% a year that would be something. Here’s to 2023. 

    Our energy investments performed strongly as did various special situations we have discussed previously. However, some misses ate up those gains and, similar to Warren Buffett and Charlie Munger, we prefer to focus on our mistakes to learn from them.


Key Lessons

The most avoidable mistake was Warner Brother Discovery (WBD). Discovery’s merger/takeover of Warner Brothers from AT&T (we were a shareholder of Discovery pre-merger) was a textbook example of 1) the thesis changing, but more importantly 2) a spin-off sale that had a high chance of massive selling pressure. For those that did not track this situation, AT&T sold its Warner Brother division by merging it with Discovery and providing its portion of ownership in the entity directly to AT&T shareholders; i.e. AT&T shareholders ended up with an AT&T share and a share in WBD. It was tax efficient for AT&T, but is a textbook scenario of creating a pool of unhappy WBD shareholders. We imagine that many AT&T shareholders had no intention of ever owning something like WBD and became natural sellers. Compounding the problem is this combined newly levered-up WBD entity now needs 2-3 years to merge and get its combined online-Netflix-fighting platform up and running while interest rates are rising, and inflation is raging. This is not a recipe for a good time. We still like the potential of the combined entity, but we should have at least bought puts to protect ourselves.

An error of omission was Tesla puts. Rising interest rates and frothy inflation is the perfect recipe to knock down inflated valuations, never mind crazy executive suite antics to really get the fire going. Some long-dated OTM puts we priced in the spring of 2022 would be up about 30x at this point and still have some life left. We do not mind this miss that much, as this felt and still feels like too close to gambling.

Selectively Writing Call Options

This has been an area of success for us, specifically with MEG Energy and Activision Blizzard. We have wrote about both previously. Available for subscribers.

Current Portfolios

We have two portfolios here at CVI, the Model Portfolio and the Diversified Portfolio.

We strive to follow our own principles ( https://www.canadianvalueinvestors.com/value-investing-101 ), namely:

  • Being concentrated (figuratively by focusing our efforts on the best hunting grounds and ideas we find, and literally by having only a few positions).

  • Building in a margin of safety in our analysis.

  • Betting big when the odds are in our favor.

Our current portfolios are as follows. Changes since the last subscriber update:
-Model Portfolio – Purchased Philips PHG (see January article provided for subscribers) using proceeds from wind up of special situations and trimming ATVI.

-Diversified Portfolio – Purchased PHG using proceeds from wind up of special situations.

It could have been worse – Returns from around the web

The S&P is upsetting on a one-year basis, but much less dramatic with a longer lens.

 Maybe some things are just going back to where they should be…